ὅπλον

ὅπλον, τό,

A tool, implement, mostly in pl., like ἔντεα, τεύχεα: (prob. from ἕπω A):

I a ship's tackle, tackling, Hom.(only in Od.), 2.390, al., Hes.Op.627 ; esp. ropes, halyards, etc.,

δησάμενοι δ' ἄρα ὅπλα Od. 2.430

, etc.; in which sense Hom. twice uses the sg., rope, 14.346, 21.390: generally, any ropes, Hdt.7.25, 9.115, Hp.Art.78.

II tools, strictly so called, in Hom. esp. of smiths' tools, Il.18.409,412 ; in full,

ὅπλα χαλκήϊα Od.3.433

: in sg., ὅπλον ἀρούρης sickle, AP6.95 ([place name] Antiphil) ; ὅπλον γεροντικόν staff, Call.Epigr.1.7 ; δείπνων ὅπλον ἑτοιμότατον, of the wine-flask, AP6.248 (Marc. Arg.).

III in pl., also, implements of war, arms and armour, Hom. (only in Il.), αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πάνθ' ὅπλα κάμε, of the arms of Achilles, 18.614, cf. 19.21 ;

ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην 10.254

,272 ; so in Pi.N.8.27, IG12.1.9, E.Hec. 14, etc.: rarely in sg., weapon,

οὐδέ τι ἀρήϊον ὅπλον ἐκτέαται Hdt.4.23

, cf. 174, E.HF161,570,942, Pl.R.474a, X.Cyr.7.4.15 ; ποτὶ πονηρὸν οὐκ ἄχρηστον ὅπλον ἁ πονηρία [Epich.]275 ; piece of armour, D.S.3.49.

2 the large shield, from which the men-at-arms took their name of ὁπλῖται (

εἰκόνα γραπτὴν ἐν ὅπλῳ IG22.1012.18

(ii B. C.), cf. IGRom.4.1302.35 (Cyme, i B. C./i A. D.), Th.7.75, D.S.15.44, 17.18);

ὅπλον στύππινον IG11(2).203

B99 (Delos, iii B. C.) : metaph.,

τῆς πενίας ὅπλον ἡ παρρησία Nicostr.Com.29

;

ὅ. μέγιστον . . ἁρετὴ βροτοῖς Men. Mon.433

, cf. 619.

3 in pl., also, heavy arms, Hdt.9.53 ; ὅπλων ἐπιστάτης, = ὁπλίτης, opp. κώπης ἄναξ, A.Pers.379 ;

ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον ἀλλὰ δαπάνης Th.1.83

;

ὅπλα παραδοῦναι Id.4.69

;

ὅπλα ἀποβάλλειν Ar.V.27

, etc.

4 ὅπλα, = ὁπλῖται, men-at-arms,

πολλῶν μεθ' ὅπλων S.Ant.115

(lyr.): and freq. in Prose, ἐξέτασιν ὅπλων ποιεῖσθαι to have a muster of the men-at-arms, Th.4.74, etc.; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν ὅπλων στρατηγός, opp. ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως, Decr. ap. D.18.38, Decr.ib. 115 ;

χειροτονηθεὶς ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ. πρῶτος . . στρατηγός IG22.682.44

(iii B. C.);

στρατηγεῖν ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ. SIG697

E (Delph., ii B. C.), etc.

5 τὰ ὅ. the place of arms, camp,

ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅ. Lys.13.12

, cf.X.Cyr.7.2.5, etc.;

ἐκ τῶν ὅ. προϊέναι Th.1.111

, cf. 3.1.

6 Phrases : ἐνέδυνον (v.l. ἐνέδυντο)

τὰ ὅ. Hdt.7.218

, etc.; ἐν ὅπλοισι εἶναι or γενέσθαι to be in arms, under arms, Id.1.13, cf.E.Ba.303, Th.6.56 ;

ἐν ὄπλοισι [ἰππομ]άχεντας Sapph.Supp.5.19

;

ἐν ὅπλοις μάχεσθαι Pl.Grg.456d

;

ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάχη Id.Lg.833e

; ποιῆσαι ἐξέτασιν ἐν ὅπλοις Decr. ap. Arist.Ath.31.2 ;

εἰς τὰ ὅ. παραγγέλλειν X.An.1.5.13

; ἐφ' ὅπλοις or παρ' ὅπλοις ἧσθαι, E.Supp.674,357 ;

μένειν ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅπλοις X.Cyr.7.2.8

; for ὅπλα ῥίπτειν, ἀφιέναι, κατατίθεσθαι, v. sub vocc. ; for ὅπλα τίθεσθαι, v. τίθημι.

IV of the arms possessed by animals for self-defence,

[τὸν ἄνθρωπον] οὐκ ἔχοντα ὅπλον πρὸς τὴν ἀλκήν Arist.PA687a25

, cf. b4, al.

V membrum virile, Nic.Fr.74.30, APl.4.242 (Eryc.), Hsch.

VI a gymnastic exercise, the last which came on in the games, Artem.1.63.